Araştırma Makalesi
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Sağlık Çalışanlarının Sanal Kaytarma Davranışlarının İşte Üretkenliklerine Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 30, 291 - 303, 01.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.5824/1309-1581.2017.5.013.x

Öz

Günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte İnternet hayatın her alanında yer almaya başlamıştır. Örgütlerde de çalışanlar tarafından İnternetin yaygın şekilde kullanımı iletişim kanallarını güçlendirmiş, işleri hızlandırmış, bilgiye erişimi ve koordinasyonu kolaylaştırmıştır. Ancak iş yerinde İnternet kullanımının etkileri her zaman olumlu sonuçlar doğurmamakta, bazen de gereksiz ya da iş dışı kişisel amaçlarla kullanımından dolayı zaman kaybına sebep olabilmektedir. Bu durum literatürde sanal kaytarma olarak adlandırılmakta ve bu kavramın çalışanların işteki üretkenliğini etkilediği tartışılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın amacı sağlık çalışanlarının sergilemiş oldukları sanal kaytarma davranışlarının işteki üretkenliklerini etkileyip etkilemediğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, Ankara’daki bir üniversite hastanesinde görev yapan 259 sağlık çalışanı üzerinde anket formu aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan sağlık çalışanlarının önemli ve önemsiz sanal kaytarma davranışı ortalamaları düşük, işte üretkenlik ortalamaları ise oldukça yüksek bulunmuştur. Önemli ve önemsiz sanal kaytarma ile işte üretkenlik davranışı arasında olumsuz yönde orta düzeyde ilişkiler olduğu saptanmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, sağlık çalışanlarının önemli ve önemsiz sanal kaytarma davranışına ilişkin ortalamalarının yükselmesi çalışanların işteki üretkenliklerini azaltmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda sağlık çalışanlarının çalışma saatleri içerisinde kişisel amaçlı İnternet kullanımlarının kontrol altında tutulması önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, A. (2013). Okul yöneticilerinin iş dışı internet kullanım (siber aylaklık) davranışlarının incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Alpar, R. (2013). Çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler (4. baskı). Ankara: Detay Anatolia Akademik Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti.
  • Amble, B. (2004, July 21). Does cyberloafing undermining productivity?. Management Issues. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.management-issues.com/news/1417/does-cyberloafing- undermining-productivity/.
  • Anandarajan, M. & Simmers, C. A. (2004). Personal web usage in the workplace: a guide to effective human resources management. USA: Idea Group, Inc.
  • Anandarajan, M., Paravastu, N. & Simmers, C. A. (2006). Perceptions of personal web usage in the workplace: AQ-Methodology approach. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 9, 325–335.
  • Blanchard A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: the role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1067-1084.
  • Bock G., & Ho, S. L. (2009). Non-work related computing (NWRC). Communications of the ACM, 52 (4), 124-128.
  • Camus, D. (2007). The ONS productivity handbook a statistical overview and guide. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Candan, H., & İnce, M. (2016). Siber kaytarma ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesine yönelik emniyet çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1), 229-253.
  • Coker, B. L. S. (2011). Freedom to surf: The positive effects of workplace internet leisure browsing. New Technology, Work and Employment, 26 (3), 238-247.
  • Conlin, M. (2000, June 12). Workers, surf at your own risk. Bloomberg. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2000-06-11/workers-surf-at-your-own-risk.
  • Corgnet, B., Hernan-Gonzalez, R., & McCarter, M. W. (2015). The role of the decision-making regime on cooperation in a workgroup social dilemma: An examination of cyberloafing. Games, 6, 588- 603.
  • De Lara, P. Z. M. (2012). Reconsidering the boundaries of the cyberloafing activity: The case of a university. Behaviour & Information Technology, 31 (5), 469-479.
  • Debt Cubed. (2006). Are your internet costs going through the roof?. Debt Cubed, 21 (1), 10.
  • ECRI (Emergency Care Research Institute). (2012). Top 10 health technology hazards for 2013. Health Devices, 41 (11), 1-24.
  • Endicott, J., & Nee, J. (1997). Endicott work productivity scale (EWPS): A new measure to assess treatment effects. Psychopharmacol Bull, 33, (1), 13-16.
  • Garrett, R. K., & Danziger, J. N. (2008). Disaffection or expected outcomes: Understanding personal internet use during work. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 937–958.
  • Goessl, L. (2014, August 8). What is cyberloafing and how does it affect the workday?. InfoBarrel. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.infobarrel.com/What_is_Cyberloafing_and_How_ does_it_Affect_the_Workday.
  • Greenfield, D. N., & Davis, R. A. (2002). Lost in cyberspace: The web @ work. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5, 347–353.
  • Grossenbacher-Fabsits, D.M. (2011). Male middle managers’ perceptions of non-work related internet use. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, USA.
  • Guthrie, R., & Gray, P. (1996). Junk computing: Is it bad for an organization?. Information Systems Management, 13 (1), 23-28.
  • Hair, JR J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7. baskı). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hallett, T. (2002, December 17). Christmas cyberloafing to cost UK businesses £154m. ZDNet. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from www.zdnet/article/christmas-cyberloafing-to-cost-uk- businesses-154m/.
  • Henle, C.A., Kohut, G. & Booth, R. (2009). Designing electronic use policies to enhance employee perceptions of fairness and to reduce cyberloafing: An empirical test of justice theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 902-910.
  • Hofherr, J. (2016, March 17 ). You’re ‘cyberloafing’ right now. Here’s how your employer might stop that one day. Boston.com. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.boston.com/jobs/jobs- news/2016/03/17/youre-cyberloafing-right-now-heres-employer-might-stop-one-day.
  • İnce, M., & Gül, H. (2011). The effects of employees’ perceptions of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior: An application in Turkish public institutions. International Journal of Business and Management, 6 (6), 134-149.
  • Johnson, P. R, & Rawlins, C. (2008). Employee internet management: Getting people back to work. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications, and Conflict, 12 (1), 43-49.
  • Kalaycı, E. (2010). Üniversite öğrencilerinin siber aylaklık davranışları ile öz düzenleme stratejileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Kaplan, M., & Çetinkaya, A. Ş. (2014). Sanal kaytarma ve demografik özellikler açısından farklılıklar: Otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25 (1), 26-34.
  • Katz-Sidlow, R. J., Ludwig, A., Miller, S., & Sidlow, R. (2012). Smartphone use during inpatient attending rounds: Prevalence, patterns, and potential for distraction. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 7 (8), 595-599.
  • Keklik. B., Kılıç, R., & Yıldız, H. (2014). Sanal kaytarma davranışları iş yerinde verimlilik kaybına mı neden oluyor yoksa örgütsel öğrenme yeteneğini mi arttırıyor? 22. Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, Konya, Türkiye, 765-770.
  • Knights, M. (2007, January 15). Gambling at work costs Uk plc £306m: New research counts cost of online flutters. CIO from IDG. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.cio.co.uk/it- strategy/gambling-at-work-costs-uk-plc-306m-582/.
  • Lavoie, J. A. A., & Pychyl, T. A. (2001). Cyberslacking and the procrastination superhighway: A web- based survey of online procrastination, attitudes, and emotion. Social Science Computer Review, 19 (4), 431–444.
  • Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675-694.
  • Lim, V. K. G., Teo, T. S. H., & Loo, G. L. (2002). How do I loaf here? Let me count the ways. Communications of the ACM, 45 (1), 66-70.
  • Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore an exploratory study. Information & Management, 42, 1081-1093.
  • Livni, E. (2016, March 21). How to legally limit worker cyberloafing. FindLaw. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://blogs.findlaw.com/free_enterprise/2016/03/how-businesses-can-legal ly- limit-worker-cyberloafing.html.
  • Malhotra, S. (2013). Cyber loafing – a holistic perspective. Episteme: An Online Interdisciplinary, Multidisciplinary & Multi-Cultural Journal, 2 (3), 1-13.
  • McBride, D. L., LeVasseur, S. A., & Li, D. (2015). Nursing performance and mobile phone use: Are nurses aware of their performance decrements?. JMIR Human Factors, 2 (1), 1-6.
  • Mills, J. E., Hu, B., Beldona, S., & Clay, J. (2001). Cyberslacking A wired-workplace liability issue. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42 (5), 34-47.
  • Niaei, M., Peidaei, M. M., & Nasiripour, A. A. (2014). The relationship between staff cyberloafing and organizational commitment in organization of environmental protection. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3 (7), 59-71.
  • Oravec, J.A. (2002). Constructive approaches to internet recreation in the workplace. Communications of the ACM, 45, 60–63.
  • Örücü, E., & Yıldız, H. (2014). İşyerinde kişisel internet ve teknoloji kullanımı: Sanal kaytarma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 14 (1), 99-114.
  • Pee, L. G., Woon, I. M. Y., & Kankanhalli, A. (2008). Explaining non-work-related computing in the workplace: A comparison of alternative models. Information & Management, 45, 120-130.
  • Ramayah, T. (2010). Personal web usage and work inefficiency. Business Strategy Series, 11 (5), 295–301.
  • Sharma, S. K., & Gupta, J. N. D. (2004). Improving workers’ productivity and reducing internet abuse. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 44 (2), 74-78.
  • Terr, L, (1999). Beyond love and work: Why adults need to play. Scribner, s. 226.
  • Ugrin, J. C. & Pearson, J. M. (2013). The effects of sanctions and stigmas on cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 812-820.
  • Uğuz, Ş., İnanç, B. Y., Yerlikaya, E. E., & Aydın, H. (2004). Endicott İşte Üretkenlik Ölçeği’nin (EİÜÖ) Türk toplumunda geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 15 (3), 209-214.
  • Urbaczewski, A., & Jessup, L. M. (2002). Does electronic monitoring of employee internet usage work?. Communications of the ACM, 45 (1), 80-83.
  • Verton, D. (2000, December 18). Employers OK with e-surfing: Firms tolerating some amount of personel computerworld.com/article/2590041/e-commerce/employers-ok-with-esurfing.html. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.
  • Wagner, D. T., Barnes, C. M., Lim, V. K. G., & Ferris, D. L. (2012). Lost sleep and cyberloafing: Evidence from the laboratory and a daylight saving time quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, (5), 1068-1076.
  • Wen, H. J., & Lin, B. (1998). Internet and employee productivity. Management Decision, 36, (6), 395-398.
  • Whitty, M. T., & Carr, A. N. (2006). New rules in the workplace: Applying object-relations theory to explain problem internet and email behavior in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 22 (2), 235-250.
  • Young, K. S. (2001). Managing employee internet abuse: A comprehensive plan to increase your productivity and reduce liability [Electronic version]. Employee Internet Management, 1-27. Retrieved August 8, 2016, from www.netaddiction.com/articles/business.pdf.

The Effect of Health Professionals Cyberloafing Behaviors on Their Work Productivity

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 30, 291 - 303, 01.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.5824/1309-1581.2017.5.013.x

Öz

Nowadays, with the development of technology, Internet has started to take place in every field of life. The widespread use of the Internet by employees in organizations has strengthened communication channels, accelerated work, facilitated access to information and coordination. However, the effects of Internet use at work do not always have positive results, and sometimes they can cause time loss due to unnecessary or non-business personal use. This situation is called cyberloafing in the literature and it is discussed that this concept affects the productivity of employees. In this context the purpose of this study is to reveal whether health professionals’ cyberloafing behaviors influence their work productivity. The study was conducted with 259 health professionals working at a university hospital in Ankara province via survey forms. It is found that the health professionals participating in the study have low mean scores of serious and minor cyberloafing behaviors and quite high mean scores of work productivity. Medium negative relationships were detected between serious and minor cyberloafing behaviors and work productivity. The regression analysis results indicate that as health professionals’ mean scores of serious and minor cyberloafing behaviors increase, their work productivity decreases. Hence, it is recommended to keep health professionals’ personal Internet usage under control during work hours.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, A. (2013). Okul yöneticilerinin iş dışı internet kullanım (siber aylaklık) davranışlarının incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Alpar, R. (2013). Çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler (4. baskı). Ankara: Detay Anatolia Akademik Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti.
  • Amble, B. (2004, July 21). Does cyberloafing undermining productivity?. Management Issues. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.management-issues.com/news/1417/does-cyberloafing- undermining-productivity/.
  • Anandarajan, M. & Simmers, C. A. (2004). Personal web usage in the workplace: a guide to effective human resources management. USA: Idea Group, Inc.
  • Anandarajan, M., Paravastu, N. & Simmers, C. A. (2006). Perceptions of personal web usage in the workplace: AQ-Methodology approach. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 9, 325–335.
  • Blanchard A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: the role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1067-1084.
  • Bock G., & Ho, S. L. (2009). Non-work related computing (NWRC). Communications of the ACM, 52 (4), 124-128.
  • Camus, D. (2007). The ONS productivity handbook a statistical overview and guide. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Candan, H., & İnce, M. (2016). Siber kaytarma ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesine yönelik emniyet çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1), 229-253.
  • Coker, B. L. S. (2011). Freedom to surf: The positive effects of workplace internet leisure browsing. New Technology, Work and Employment, 26 (3), 238-247.
  • Conlin, M. (2000, June 12). Workers, surf at your own risk. Bloomberg. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2000-06-11/workers-surf-at-your-own-risk.
  • Corgnet, B., Hernan-Gonzalez, R., & McCarter, M. W. (2015). The role of the decision-making regime on cooperation in a workgroup social dilemma: An examination of cyberloafing. Games, 6, 588- 603.
  • De Lara, P. Z. M. (2012). Reconsidering the boundaries of the cyberloafing activity: The case of a university. Behaviour & Information Technology, 31 (5), 469-479.
  • Debt Cubed. (2006). Are your internet costs going through the roof?. Debt Cubed, 21 (1), 10.
  • ECRI (Emergency Care Research Institute). (2012). Top 10 health technology hazards for 2013. Health Devices, 41 (11), 1-24.
  • Endicott, J., & Nee, J. (1997). Endicott work productivity scale (EWPS): A new measure to assess treatment effects. Psychopharmacol Bull, 33, (1), 13-16.
  • Garrett, R. K., & Danziger, J. N. (2008). Disaffection or expected outcomes: Understanding personal internet use during work. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 937–958.
  • Goessl, L. (2014, August 8). What is cyberloafing and how does it affect the workday?. InfoBarrel. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.infobarrel.com/What_is_Cyberloafing_and_How_ does_it_Affect_the_Workday.
  • Greenfield, D. N., & Davis, R. A. (2002). Lost in cyberspace: The web @ work. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5, 347–353.
  • Grossenbacher-Fabsits, D.M. (2011). Male middle managers’ perceptions of non-work related internet use. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, USA.
  • Guthrie, R., & Gray, P. (1996). Junk computing: Is it bad for an organization?. Information Systems Management, 13 (1), 23-28.
  • Hair, JR J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7. baskı). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hallett, T. (2002, December 17). Christmas cyberloafing to cost UK businesses £154m. ZDNet. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from www.zdnet/article/christmas-cyberloafing-to-cost-uk- businesses-154m/.
  • Henle, C.A., Kohut, G. & Booth, R. (2009). Designing electronic use policies to enhance employee perceptions of fairness and to reduce cyberloafing: An empirical test of justice theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 902-910.
  • Hofherr, J. (2016, March 17 ). You’re ‘cyberloafing’ right now. Here’s how your employer might stop that one day. Boston.com. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.boston.com/jobs/jobs- news/2016/03/17/youre-cyberloafing-right-now-heres-employer-might-stop-one-day.
  • İnce, M., & Gül, H. (2011). The effects of employees’ perceptions of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior: An application in Turkish public institutions. International Journal of Business and Management, 6 (6), 134-149.
  • Johnson, P. R, & Rawlins, C. (2008). Employee internet management: Getting people back to work. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications, and Conflict, 12 (1), 43-49.
  • Kalaycı, E. (2010). Üniversite öğrencilerinin siber aylaklık davranışları ile öz düzenleme stratejileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Kaplan, M., & Çetinkaya, A. Ş. (2014). Sanal kaytarma ve demografik özellikler açısından farklılıklar: Otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25 (1), 26-34.
  • Katz-Sidlow, R. J., Ludwig, A., Miller, S., & Sidlow, R. (2012). Smartphone use during inpatient attending rounds: Prevalence, patterns, and potential for distraction. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 7 (8), 595-599.
  • Keklik. B., Kılıç, R., & Yıldız, H. (2014). Sanal kaytarma davranışları iş yerinde verimlilik kaybına mı neden oluyor yoksa örgütsel öğrenme yeteneğini mi arttırıyor? 22. Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, Konya, Türkiye, 765-770.
  • Knights, M. (2007, January 15). Gambling at work costs Uk plc £306m: New research counts cost of online flutters. CIO from IDG. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.cio.co.uk/it- strategy/gambling-at-work-costs-uk-plc-306m-582/.
  • Lavoie, J. A. A., & Pychyl, T. A. (2001). Cyberslacking and the procrastination superhighway: A web- based survey of online procrastination, attitudes, and emotion. Social Science Computer Review, 19 (4), 431–444.
  • Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675-694.
  • Lim, V. K. G., Teo, T. S. H., & Loo, G. L. (2002). How do I loaf here? Let me count the ways. Communications of the ACM, 45 (1), 66-70.
  • Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore an exploratory study. Information & Management, 42, 1081-1093.
  • Livni, E. (2016, March 21). How to legally limit worker cyberloafing. FindLaw. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://blogs.findlaw.com/free_enterprise/2016/03/how-businesses-can-legal ly- limit-worker-cyberloafing.html.
  • Malhotra, S. (2013). Cyber loafing – a holistic perspective. Episteme: An Online Interdisciplinary, Multidisciplinary & Multi-Cultural Journal, 2 (3), 1-13.
  • McBride, D. L., LeVasseur, S. A., & Li, D. (2015). Nursing performance and mobile phone use: Are nurses aware of their performance decrements?. JMIR Human Factors, 2 (1), 1-6.
  • Mills, J. E., Hu, B., Beldona, S., & Clay, J. (2001). Cyberslacking A wired-workplace liability issue. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42 (5), 34-47.
  • Niaei, M., Peidaei, M. M., & Nasiripour, A. A. (2014). The relationship between staff cyberloafing and organizational commitment in organization of environmental protection. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3 (7), 59-71.
  • Oravec, J.A. (2002). Constructive approaches to internet recreation in the workplace. Communications of the ACM, 45, 60–63.
  • Örücü, E., & Yıldız, H. (2014). İşyerinde kişisel internet ve teknoloji kullanımı: Sanal kaytarma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 14 (1), 99-114.
  • Pee, L. G., Woon, I. M. Y., & Kankanhalli, A. (2008). Explaining non-work-related computing in the workplace: A comparison of alternative models. Information & Management, 45, 120-130.
  • Ramayah, T. (2010). Personal web usage and work inefficiency. Business Strategy Series, 11 (5), 295–301.
  • Sharma, S. K., & Gupta, J. N. D. (2004). Improving workers’ productivity and reducing internet abuse. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 44 (2), 74-78.
  • Terr, L, (1999). Beyond love and work: Why adults need to play. Scribner, s. 226.
  • Ugrin, J. C. & Pearson, J. M. (2013). The effects of sanctions and stigmas on cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 812-820.
  • Uğuz, Ş., İnanç, B. Y., Yerlikaya, E. E., & Aydın, H. (2004). Endicott İşte Üretkenlik Ölçeği’nin (EİÜÖ) Türk toplumunda geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 15 (3), 209-214.
  • Urbaczewski, A., & Jessup, L. M. (2002). Does electronic monitoring of employee internet usage work?. Communications of the ACM, 45 (1), 80-83.
  • Verton, D. (2000, December 18). Employers OK with e-surfing: Firms tolerating some amount of personel computerworld.com/article/2590041/e-commerce/employers-ok-with-esurfing.html. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://www.
  • Wagner, D. T., Barnes, C. M., Lim, V. K. G., & Ferris, D. L. (2012). Lost sleep and cyberloafing: Evidence from the laboratory and a daylight saving time quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, (5), 1068-1076.
  • Wen, H. J., & Lin, B. (1998). Internet and employee productivity. Management Decision, 36, (6), 395-398.
  • Whitty, M. T., & Carr, A. N. (2006). New rules in the workplace: Applying object-relations theory to explain problem internet and email behavior in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 22 (2), 235-250.
  • Young, K. S. (2001). Managing employee internet abuse: A comprehensive plan to increase your productivity and reduce liability [Electronic version]. Employee Internet Management, 1-27. Retrieved August 8, 2016, from www.netaddiction.com/articles/business.pdf.
Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

İpek Bilgin Demir Bu kişi benim

Duygu Ürek Bu kişi benim

Özgür Uğurluoğlu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ekim 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ekim 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 30

Kaynak Göster

APA Bilgin Demir, İ., Ürek, D., & Uğurluoğlu, Ö. (2017). Sağlık Çalışanlarının Sanal Kaytarma Davranışlarının İşte Üretkenliklerine Etkisi. AJIT-E: Academic Journal of Information Technology, 8(30), 291-303. https://doi.org/10.5824/1309-1581.2017.5.013.x